{"id":8732,"date":"2020-02-13T16:47:05","date_gmt":"2020-02-13T21:47:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ifamnews.com\/?p=8732"},"modified":"2020-02-13T16:47:10","modified_gmt":"2020-02-13T21:47:10","slug":"in-memoriam-roger-scruton-1944-2020","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ifamnews.com\/fr\/in-memoriam-roger-scruton-1944-2020","title":{"rendered":"In Memoriam: Roger Scruton, 1944-2020"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

[Voici un mois, mourait Sir Roger Scruton, c\u00e9l\u00e8bre philosophe britannique. Cet hommage est originellement paru dans Front Porch Republic<\/a>, qui nous a autoris\u00e9 \u00e0 le reproduire. – Ed.]<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sir Roger Scruton, g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement qualifi\u00e9 \u00e0 juste titre de principal penseur conservateur britannique, est d\u00e9c\u00e9d\u00e9 d’un cancer le dimanche 12 janvier. Il avait 75 ans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Son CV est impressionnant. Apr\u00e8s une ma\u00eetrise de philosophie et un doctorat d’esth\u00e9tique \u00e0 l’Universit\u00e9 de Cambridge, il \u00e9crivit plus de 50 livres et en \u00e9dita une douzaine d’autres. Les sujets couvraient toute l’exp\u00e9rience humaine, de l’art, de la musique et de l’architecture aux philosophes tels que Kant et Spinoza, de la politique d’immigration et des affaires \u00e9trang\u00e8res, aux droits des animaux et \u00e0 l’environnementalisme, de la religion en g\u00e9n\u00e9ral et de l’anglicanisme en particulier au sexe (Sexual Desire: A Moral Philosophy of the Erotic<\/em>). Il a \u00e9galement \u00e9crit une demi-douzaine de romans et deux op\u00e9ras, fond\u00e9 un magazine en 1982 (The Salisbury Review<\/em>) qui, \u00e0 ce jour, pr\u00e9sente toujours [comme on peut le lire sur sa manchette] \u00ab\u00a0absolument la mauvaise opinion sur tout\u00a0\u00bb, a lanc\u00e9 sa propre maison d’\u00e9dition (The Claridge Press), et a jou\u00e9 un r\u00f4le intellectuel et militant important en sapant le r\u00e9gime communiste en Tch\u00e9coslovaquie, ce qui aboutit \u00e0 sa d\u00e9tention, \u00e0 son expulsion et \u00e0 son inscription sur la liste des personnes ind\u00e9sirables. Il a \u00e9t\u00e9 fait chevalier par la reine Elizabeth II en 2016 \u00abpour ses services rendus \u00e0 la philosophie, \u00e0 l’enseignement et \u00e0 l’\u00e9ducation publique\u00bb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pour les passionn\u00e9s de Front Porch Republic<\/em>, une \u00e9vidence s’impose: il \u00e9tait un \u00ab\u00a0Porcher\u00a0\u00bb<\/em>. Sur le plan philosophique, son travail comprenait des trait\u00e9s sur la chasse, la \u00abcolonisation\u00bb (News from Somewhere<\/em>), la consommation d’alcool (I Drink That’s I Am: A Philosopher’s Guide to Wine<\/em>), le tabagisme et l’entretien de la terre (How to Think Serious About the Planet<\/em>). Au plan pratique, il a achet\u00e9 en 1993 Sundey Hill Farm, \u00e0 Brinkworth, Wiltshire. Agrarien d\u00e9termin\u00e9, il acquit rapidement les animaux classiques,\u2026 mais aussi des chevaux pour chasser le renard. C’est lors d’une chasse \u00e0 Beaufort qu’il rencontra Sophie Jeffreys, historienne de l’architecture. Assise \u00e9l\u00e9gamment sur sa monture, et habill\u00e9e aux couleurs de la chasse, elle l’envo\u00fbta. Ils se mari\u00e8rent en 1996 et s’install\u00e8rent \u00e0 Sundey Hill Farm. Les enfants ont suivi: Sam en 1998 (du nom du cheval pr\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9 de Roger) et Lucy en 2000.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

J’ai eu le privil\u00e8ge de compter Roger parmi mes amis. Nous nous sommes rencontr\u00e9s pour la premi\u00e8re fois vers 1990 et avons continu\u00e9 \u00e0 nous croiser dans divers lieux conservateurs. Lorsque ma fille a\u00een\u00e9e a pass\u00e9 un an \u00e0 \u00e9tudier \u00e0 St. Andrews, les Scruton l’ont invit\u00e9e \u00e0 passer les vacances de No\u00ebl avec eux. Elle a en fait assist\u00e9 \u00e0 l’un des actes les plus campagnards de Roger: il a fait son propre fromage de t\u00eate! C’\u00e9tait une \u00e9poque o\u00f9 les normes de l’Union europ\u00e9enne s’imposaient aux bouchers britanniques, au grand d\u00e9go\u00fbt des Scruton. Roger et ma fille se sont donc rendus dans un magasin du village devenu illicite et y ont acquis une t\u00eate de veau, \u00e0 partir de laquelle il a fait un \u00e9norme bloc de viande en gel\u00e9e. Les morceaux de chair \u00e9taient beaucoup plus gros que d’habitude et la pr\u00e9paration un peu plus huileuse que pr\u00e9vu, mais Roger en \u00e9tait fier. \u00c9tant de bons petits campagnards, Sam et Lucy ont bien mang\u00e9 le chef-d’\u0153uvre de leur p\u00e8re en mati\u00e8re de production familiale ill\u00e9gale.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ma fille a \u00e9galement d\u00e9couvert Roger Scruton comme p\u00e8re. Il a acc\u00e9d\u00e9 \u00e0 ce r\u00f4le vers la cinquantaine, avec peut-\u00eatre un m\u00e9lange sup\u00e9rieur \u00e0 la moyenne de joie et de mystification \u00e0 l’\u00e9gard de ces petits \u00eatres dont il avait la garde. Un soir, une temp\u00eate a coup\u00e9 le courant \u00e0 Sundey Hill Farm. Sam, alors \u00e2g\u00e9 de six ans, a demand\u00e9 \u00e0 son p\u00e8re d’o\u00f9 venait l’\u00e9lectricit\u00e9. Roger s’est lanc\u00e9 dans une description enfantine des dynamos, des champs magn\u00e9tiques, des flux d’\u00e9lectrons et du r\u00e9seau \u00e9lectrique. Les enfants, rapporte ma fille, sont rest\u00e9s renfrogn\u00e9s et confus jusqu’\u00e0 ce qu’un sourire traverse le visage de la petite Lucy. \u00abNon\u00bb, a-t-elle dit au groupe assis autour d’une bougie, \u00ab\u00e7a vient des f\u00e9es!\u00bb Apr\u00e8s une pause, le p\u00e8re a hoch\u00e9 la t\u00eate: \u00abBien s\u00fbr que oui.\u00bb<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Roger Scruton laisse derri\u00e8re lui d’importants messages d’encouragement aux paysans contemporains. Dans son volume Town and Country<\/em>, il se plaint am\u00e8rement des efforts faits pour sauver le \u00abpatrimoine rural\u00bb de la Grande-Bretagne \u00e0 travers les maisons-mus\u00e9es du National Trust [pensez \u00e0 Downton Abbey<\/em>]. Ces endroits, dit-il, sont en fait priv\u00e9s de vie; ils se contentent de \u00abd\u00e9caper ce qui est mort\u00bb. Il appelle plut\u00f4t \u00e0 la restauration d’un sens vital de l’histoire locale, o\u00f9 les habitants actuels pourraient vivre \u00abune relation dynamique \u00e0 travers les g\u00e9n\u00e9rations\u00bb. Plut\u00f4t que de pr\u00e9server une fa\u00e7ade de vie rurale, Roger Scruton veut \u00ab encourager les gens \u00e0 habiter la terre et \u00e0 y habiter avec fruit. \u00bb<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dans ce qui sera l’un de ses derniers essais, Roger Scruton offre un message similaire aux Am\u00e9ricains. Offrant une pr\u00e9face \u00e0 Land and Liberty: The Best of FREE AMERICA<\/em> [\u00e9dit\u00e9 par votre serviteur et publi\u00e9 par le Wethersfield Institute], Roger adh\u00e8re \u00e0 la vision des agrariens et des distributistes am\u00e9ricains qui ont produit ce journal de 1937 \u00e0 1946. Comme il le dit : \u00abLa vraie richesse d’un pays\u2026 ne r\u00e9side pas dans les \u00e9changes mouvement\u00e9s en bourse ou dans les fleuves de marchandises qui traversent chaque m\u00e9nage sans y appartenir. Elle r\u00e9side dans les communaut\u00e9s locales, dans le travail qui les unit, et dans l’investissement profond repr\u00e9sent\u00e9 par une maison, un lieu et la dotation \u00e0 travers des g\u00e9n\u00e9rations d’amour humain. \u00bb<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sir Roger Scruton, que Dieu ait votre \u00e2me!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Sir Roger Scruton, influent philosophe conservateur, est mort r\u00e9cemment.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":28,"featured_media":7922,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"give_campaign_id":0,"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"mc4wp_mailchimp_campaign":[],"jnews-multi-image_gallery":[],"jnews_single_post":{"subtitle":"Sir Roger Scruton, influent philosophe conservateur, est mort r\u00e9cemment.","format":"standard","video":"","gallery":"","source_name":"","source_url":"","via_name":"","via_url":"","override":[{"single_blog_custom":"","sidebar":"","second_sidebar":"","share_position":"","share_float_style":"","post_date_format":"","post_date_format_custom":"","post_reading_time_wpm":"","zoom_button_out_step":"1","zoom_button_in_step":"1","number_popup_post":"1"}],"image_override":[{"single_post_thumbnail_size":"","single_post_gallery_size":""}],"trending_post_position":"","trending_post_label":""},"jnews_primary_category":{"id":""},"jnews_social_meta":{"fb_title":"","fb_description":"","fb_image":"","twitter_title":"","twitter_description":"","twitter_image":""},"jnews_override_counter":{"view_counter_number":"0","share_counter_number":"0","like_counter_number":"0","dislike_counter_number":"0"},"footnotes":""},"categories":[762,809],"tags":[1293],"class_list":["post-8732","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-culture-fr","category-foreground-fr","tag-agrarien"],"yoast_head":"\nIn Memoriam: Roger Scruton, 1944-2020 - 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