{"id":102098,"date":"2021-10-26T01:59:11","date_gmt":"2021-10-26T05:59:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ifamnews.com\/?p=102098"},"modified":"2021-10-26T01:59:15","modified_gmt":"2021-10-26T05:59:15","slug":"si-on-lib-re-les-drogues-le-nombre-de-jeunes-consommateurs-augmente","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ifamnews.com\/fr\/si-on-lib-re-les-drogues-le-nombre-de-jeunes-consommateurs-augmente","title":{"rendered":"Si on lib\u00e8re les drogues, le nombre de jeunes consommateurs augmente"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Chez les jeunes consommateurs occasionnels de drogues, la d\u00e9p\u00e9nalisation de la possession peut augmenter la consommation de drogues, tandis que les restrictions r\u00e9glementaires peuvent la r\u00e9duire. Ce qui peut sembler une \u00e9vidence est le r\u00e9sultat d’une \u00e9tude men\u00e9e par l’Institut de physiologie clinique du Conseil national de la recherche (CNR<\/a> ) et publi\u00e9e dans l’International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health<\/em>. Sur la base de donn\u00e9es recueillies dans 20 pays europ\u00e9ens pendant 20 ans aupr\u00e8s de 300 000 lyc\u00e9ens, l’\u00e9tude a examin\u00e9 les perceptions de la disponibilit\u00e9 et de la consommation de substances chez les jeunes consommateurs occasionnels et fr\u00e9quents.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

D\u00e9t\u00e9rioration des restrictions<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

La coordinatrice de l’\u00e9tude est Sara Molinaro du CNR-IFC. \u00ab\u00a0Les politiques en mati\u00e8re de drogues mettent de plus en plus l’accent sur les effets que les drogues peuvent avoir sur les adolescents\u00a0\u00bb, explique-t-elle. \u00ab\u00a0En particulier, ajoute-t-elle, le cannabis reste la substance la plus consomm\u00e9e, comme le confirment les derniers r\u00e9sultats de l’ESPAD<\/a> (European School Survey Project on Alcohol and other Drugs), 16 % des adolescents europ\u00e9ens d\u00e9clarant en 2019 l’avoir essay\u00e9 au moins une fois dans leur vie.\u00a0\u00bb Molinaro note que \u00ab\u00a0pour les consommateurs occasionnels, il n’y a pas d’augmentation significative de la perception de la disponibilit\u00e9 dans les pays qui ont d\u00e9criminalis\u00e9 ou d\u00e9p\u00e9nalis\u00e9 la possession personnelle de cannabis. Toutefois, la perception de la disponibilit\u00e9 a diminu\u00e9 de pr\u00e8s de 6 points dans certains pays o\u00f9 les sanctions ont \u00e9t\u00e9 alourdies, comme en Italie entre 2007 et 2014.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Une augmentation de 7%.<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Cinq r\u00e9formes de la drogue ont \u00e9t\u00e9 examin\u00e9es. Les r\u00e9formes les plus lib\u00e9rales ont entrain\u00e9 une augmentation de la consommation de pr\u00e8s de 7%, tandis que les r\u00e9formes les plus restrictives l’ont r\u00e9duite d’environ 3%. Les indications offertes par la lecture int\u00e9gr\u00e9e des r\u00e9sultats sont les suivantes : \u00ab\u00a0Le fait que les r\u00e9formes plus lib\u00e9rales soient associ\u00e9es \u00e0 une augmentation de la consommation occasionnelle indique que, parmi les \u00e9tudiants, il y a peut-\u00eatre eu une r\u00e9duction de la stigmatisation et de la perception des risques li\u00e9s \u00e0 la consommation\u00a0\u00bb, explique Mme. Molinaro. \u00ab\u00a0Les politiques de d\u00e9criminalisation et d’aggravation des peines pour la possession de cannabis jouent toutefois un r\u00f4le limit\u00e9 chez les usagers pr\u00e9sentant un risque plus \u00e9lev\u00e9 de d\u00e9velopper une consommation probl\u00e9matique\u00a0\u00bb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Campagnes de sensibilisation<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Selon Mme. Molinaro, plus g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement, la recherche rappelle le r\u00f4le fondamental d’autres facteurs, \u00ab\u00a0tels que les campagnes d’information et de pr\u00e9vention, soulignant l’importance d’investir dans des politiques fond\u00e9es sur des donn\u00e9es probantes. Des interventions similaires peuvent jouer un r\u00f4le important dans le renforcement de la compr\u00e9hension par les jeunes des risques qui peuvent \u00eatre associ\u00e9s \u00e0 la consommation de la substance, ind\u00e9pendamment de la perception de sa disponibilit\u00e9\u00a0\u00bb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Le r\u00e9f\u00e9rendum<\/em><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Plut\u00f4t que l’information et la pr\u00e9vention, la campagne en faveur du cannabis<\/em> qui a fait les gros titres r\u00e9cemment est celle de la l\u00e9galisation<\/a>. Apr\u00e8s une phase en ligne<\/em> qui a recueilli 500 000 signatures, des stands de rue ont \u00e9t\u00e9 mis en place pour quelques jours. Les adh\u00e9sions collect\u00e9es doivent ensuite \u00eatre livr\u00e9es avant le 31 octobre afin d’appeler \u00e0 un r\u00e9f\u00e9rendum<\/em>. \u00ab\u00a0La l\u00e9galisation du cannabis est possible et utile pour tous\u00a0\u00bb, d\u00e9clare l’un des promoteurs de l’initiative, le sous-secr\u00e9taire aux affaires \u00e9trang\u00e8res Benedetto Della Vedova.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Un \u00e9tudiant sur trois fume<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Oui, mais c’est surtout n\u00e9cessaire pour avoir plus de jeunes toxicomanes ainsi que le montre l’\u00e9tude du CNR. Et d\u00e9j\u00e0 aujourd’hui, comme l’expliqu\u00e9 \u00e0 \u00ab\u00a0iFamNews<\/u><\/a> le magistrat Alfredo Mantovano, vice-pr\u00e9sident du Centro Studi Rosario Livatino<\/a>, un tiers des \u00e9tudiants italiens, soit 33,6 % (ce qui correspond \u00e0 environ 870 000 jeunes) ont consomm\u00e9 au moins une drogue au cours de leur vie. Un quart (25,6%), correspondant \u00e0 660 000 \u00e9tudiants, en ont fait usage en 2018. \u00ab\u00a0Des centaines de milliers de personnes en pleine p\u00e9riode de d\u00e9veloppement, observe Mantovano, subissent une grave atteinte sur le syst\u00e8me nerveux<\/a>, le syst\u00e8me respiratoire<\/a> et la capacit\u00e9 de reproduction<\/a>, pour ne citer que quelques-uns des \u00e9l\u00e9ments les plus touch\u00e9s par les dommages de la substance.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00c9tude du CNR : la d\u00e9p\u00e9nalisation r\u00e9duit la perception des risques<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":15,"featured_media":99855,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"give_campaign_id":0,"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"mc4wp_mailchimp_campaign":[],"jnews-multi-image_gallery":[],"jnews_single_post":{"subtitle":"\u00c9tude du CNR : la d\u00e9p\u00e9nalisation r\u00e9duit la perception des risques","format":"standard","video":"","gallery":"","source_name":"","source_url":"","via_name":"","via_url":"","override":[{"template":"1","single_blog_custom":"","parallax":"1","fullscreen":"1","layout":"right-sidebar","sidebar":"default-sidebar","second_sidebar":"default-sidebar","sticky_sidebar":"1","share_position":"top","share_float_style":"share-monocrhome","show_share_counter":"1","show_view_counter":"1","show_featured":"1","show_post_meta":"1","show_post_author":"1","show_post_author_image":"1","show_post_date":"1","post_date_format":"default","post_date_format_custom":"Y\/m\/d","show_post_category":"1","post_reading_time_wpm":"300","zoom_button_out_step":"2","zoom_button_in_step":"3","show_post_tag":"1","show_prev_next_post":"1","show_popup_post":"1","number_popup_post":"1"}],"image_override":[{"single_post_thumbnail_size":"crop-500","single_post_gallery_size":"crop-500"}],"trending_post_position":"meta","trending_post_label":"Trending","sponsored_post_label":"Sponsored by","sponsored_post_name":"","sponsored_post_url":"","sponsored_post_logo":"","sponsored_post_desc":""},"jnews_primary_category":{"id":"800"},"jnews_social_meta":[],"jnews_override_counter":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[798,809,800],"tags":[11283,13106,8665,8496,13108,13107],"class_list":["post-102098","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-famille","category-foreground-fr","category-politique","tag-drogues","tag-espad","tag-foreground-fr","tag-highlight-fr","tag-jeunesse","tag-sara-molinaro"],"yoast_head":"\nSi on lib\u00e8re les drogues, le nombre de jeunes consommateurs augmente - 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In 2020 he wrote the novel \"East Berlin 2.0 - Notes between dystopia and reality\"","sameAs":["https:\/\/x.com\/https:\/\/twitter.com\/fedecenci"],"url":"https:\/\/ifamnews.com\/fr\/author\/fcenci"}]}},"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ifamnews.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/102098","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ifamnews.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ifamnews.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ifamnews.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/15"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ifamnews.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=102098"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/ifamnews.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/102098\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":102107,"href":"https:\/\/ifamnews.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/102098\/revisions\/102107"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ifamnews.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/99855"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ifamnews.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=102098"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ifamnews.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=102098"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ifamnews.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=102098"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}